IT operations are the processes and services administered by an organization’s information technology department. As such, IT operations include administrative processes and support for hardware and software, for both internal and external clients.
IT OPS Knowledge Points:
| Nosql Database | Redis | Mongodb | |||||||||
| Web Servers | Apache | Nginx | Tomcat | ||||||||
| Network Monitoring Tools | Nagios | Zabbix | Cacti | MRTG | |||||||
| Proxy Servers | Squid | Nginx | |||||||||
| Cache Servers | Squid | Varnish | Redis | Memcached | |||||||
| Log Monitoring Servers | Awstats | Logwatch | Graphite | SARG | Webalizer | Splunk | Kafka | Storm | Scrible | Logstach | ELK |
| Load Balancing Servers | Haproxy | Lvs | Nginx | ||||||||
| Cluster Heartbeat Communication | Keepalived | Heartbeat | |||||||||
| Mail Servers | Sendmail | Postfix | |||||||||
| File Servers | Vsftp | ||||||||||
| DNS servers | Bind | ||||||||||
| Firewalls | Iptables | ||||||||||
| File System | DRBD | ISCSI | SAN | NAS | FastDFS | Lustre | Hadoop | Mogilfs | NFS | ||
| Rational DB | Mysql | Oracle | |||||||||
| DHCP Servers | DHCP | ||||||||||
| Auto Batch Installation Servers | Kickstart | Cobbler | |||||||||
| Sniffing Software | Wireshark | Tcpdump | Joy | ||||||||
| Auto Operation management Software | Puppet | Ansible | Chef | Saltstack | Func | Fabric | Pexpect | CMDB | |||
| Virtualization / Cloud Comuting | Kvm | Xen | Docker | Openstacker | |||||||
| Security | Failzban | AIDE | Portsentry | IDS/IPS | WAF | Lynis | Tripwire | Nmap | RKHunter | Chkrootkit | |
| Session Maintenance | Screen | Tmux | |||||||||
| Pressure Testing | AB | Webbench | Iozone | Httperf | Sysbench | Iperf | Speedtest_cli | ||||
IT Ops Skill Level:
1. Foundation (基础运维技能)
Linux多种安装方式
硬盘RAID技术与RAID选型
Linux初始化init系统
系统服务管理工具systemd和sysvinit
Linux下的shell编程入门
Linux下各种命令使用（常见80多个）
源码、yum、rpm方式安装软件
Linux用户权限管理
Linux磁盘与存储管理（LVM、fdisk）
Linux内存与内存机制(swap、free）
Linux文件系统有文件系统选型（ext3/ext4/xfs/nfs)
Linux进程管理与监控crond
2. Web运维技能
基于Apache的LAMP架构
基于nginx的LNMP架构
apache下https、反向代理、Prefork MPM、 Worker MPM
apache+jk+tomcat web架构
nginx的反向代理、负载均衡、https、PHP-FPM应用
3. DB (数据库运维技能)
MySQL常用操作与基础调优策略
Xtrabackup工具的使用
MySQL Replication架构
MySQL高可用架构MHA
MySQL读写分离中间件proxysql
redis内存数据库以及主从架构
4. Performance Tuning and Troubleshooting (性能调优、故障排查技能)
系统调优评估方法
CPU、内存、磁盘、网络性能评估工具与方法
线上Linux服务器基础优化技能
Linux软件防火墙iptables以及rsync数据备份
5. 自动化运维技能
ansible的使用
ansible使用Playbooks管理复杂任务
puppet自动化工具的使用
saltstack自动化工具的使用
6. OPS Monitoring (运维监控技能)
zabbix运维监控平台
Ganglia分布式数据收集展示平台
nagios自动化告警平台
centreon一体化智能监控平台
7. Clustering (集群架构技能)
Keepalived高可用集群
LVS负载均衡集群
HAProxy负载均衡集群
Keepalived整合lvs与HAProxy
8. Virtualization and Big Data (虚拟化、大数据技能)
KVM虚拟化与虚拟机管理工具
ELK+Filebeat+Kafka+ZooKeeper日志分析平台架构
hadoop生态圈以及分布式集群
hbase、hive、pig等分布式计算工具
分布式计算MapReduce与yarn工
spark分布式计算框架
9. Docker and Docker Compose (容器、容器编排)
docker基础与镜像、容器、仓库
Dockerfile 定制镜像
Docker编排工具Compose使用
自动化容器操作平台Kubernetes（k8s）
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